Cut-paper crab seen from above, a wide orange shell with two claws and eight legs

The character cabinet

True crabs

Plants and animalsliving animal

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What they are

The crabs you know. A true crab scuttles sideways on legs you can see. A horseshoe crab is not one of them, and true crabs appear about 160 million years after this point in the story.

A clue in the shell

A crab's shell is made of chitin, the same tough stuff a fungus uses for its walls. That is how scientists tested whether the giant Prototaxites was a fungus. It had none.

On screen

Watch it in

Open a chapter to read its story and watch the video. Links include brief mentions and previews within published chapters.